Correlates of Driving Under the Influence of Cannabis Among U.S. Adults in a State with Legalized Medical Cannabis

Abstract

Objective: Driving under the influence of cannabis (DUIC) is a modifiable risk factor for cannabis harm. To inform the development of effective measures to mitigate DUIC, this study assessed factors associated with DUIC risk. Method: Data were from a 6-wave cross-sectional survey (2020–2023) of N = 11,051 adult Oklahomans. The analytic sample consisted of 3,012 adults who reported past 30-day cannabis use. Participants self-reported sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex, race and ethnicity, education, family finances, rurality), substance use patterns (past 30-day alcohol use, medical cannabis license, daily cannabis use, modes of cannabis use, probability of cannabis use disorder [CUD], and cannabis harm perceptions), and exposure to cannabis marketing. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models evaluated associations between individual factors (e.g., sociodemographic characteristics and substance use patterns), marketing exposure, and modes of cannabis use (e.g., vaped cannabis) with odds of past 30-day DUIC. Results: The multivariable logistic regression model adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics indicated that daily/near daily cannabis use (AOR = 2.54, 95% CI = 2.08-3.09), probable CUD (AOR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.36-1.94), and exposure to cannabis marketing (AOR = 1.84, CI = 1.44-2.36) were each associated with increased odds of past 30-day DUIC (vs. no DUIC). The multivariable logistic regression model adjusting for modes of cannabis use showed that past 30-day (vs. not) vaping (AOR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.20-1.67) and dabbing (AOR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.43-2.05) were significantly associated with increased odds of past 30-day DUIC (vs. no DUIC). Conclusions: Daily/near daily cannabis use, probable CUD, and exposure to cannabis marketing were correlates of DUIC, as were vaping and dabbing modes of cannabis use.